Lion, Calf, Man, Eagle

The Bible teaches that the earthly tabernacle in the wilderness—and, later, the temple in Jerusalem—was a representation of God’s throne room in heaven. It is, therefore, no surprise to find parallels between these two structures. Many of the symbols in Revelation are callbacks to things we’ve seen before in Scripture.

For instance, consider a reference from the Old Testament book of Numbers. In chapter 2, following the census undertaken in chapter 1, we see the distribution of the tribes of Israel around the tabernacle: three tribes on each side, the leading tribe with a banner to identify the encampment.

Judah is gathered under the banner of a lion, Ephraim under the calf, Reuben under the image of a man, and Dan under the eagle. In the Gospels, tradition tells us, Matthew reveals Jesus as the lion, the king of Israel. Mark, like the eagle, shows the vision and loftiness of Jesus. Luke the physician, the man, shows Jesus’ empathy for humanity. And John—who wrote Revelation—by the calf, Jesus the sacrifice.

In these four beasts, however, we can also see the four aspects of Jesus’ life and ministry on behalf of humanity. Prior to His incarnation, Jesus is represented by the kingly and noble lion. Born in Bethlehem and giving His life on the cross at Calvary, Jesus is represented by the ox, a beast of burden and of sacrifice. The man shows Jesus as our brethren and kindred, a faithful priest who represents us before God (Hebrews 2:17). The final phase of Jesus’ ministry is revealed in His coming as a conquering king at the end of this world’s history executing justice—swiftly, like an eagle swoops up its prey.

Again, it’s important to note that what is represented here is not only what John saw, but it also represents what those of us who are redeemed will see. Making sure our hearts are ready for this reality will require staying close to the One who enabled John to see it.

Dear Jesus, keep us mindful of what You are doing for us even now. Keep us ready for that great day when we shall see You as You are.

For Further Study: Ezekiel 1:10, Daniel 7:4; Genesis 49:9

Key Bible Texts

And the first beast was like a lion, and the second beast like a calf, and the third beast had a face as a man, and the fourth beast was like a flying eagle. (Revelation 4:7 KJV)